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Swiftda Basic Input va Output

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Swiftda ekranga ma'lumot chiqarish uchun print() funksiyasidan foydalanamiz. Masalan,

print("Swift is powerful")

// Output: Swift is powerful

Bu yerda print() funksiyasi qo'shtirnoq ichidagi matnni ekranga chiqaradi.

print() funksiyasining asl sintaksisi 3 ta parametr qabul qiladi:

print(items: separator: terminator:)

Bu yerda:

  • items – ekranga chiqariladigan qiymatlar
  • separator (ixtiyoriy) – bir nechta item orasiga qo‘yiladigan belgi
  • terminator (ixtiyoriy) – chiqariladigan satr oxiriga qo‘shiladigan belgi (\n, \t, va hokazo)

Agar separator va terminator yozilmasa, ularning standart qiymatlari qo‘llanadi: separator uchun bitta bo‘sh joy (" "), terminator uchun esa yangi satr ("\n").

Misol:

print("Good Morning!")
print("It's rainy today")

Natija:

Good Morning!
It's rainy today

Yuqoridagi misolda terminator ishlatilmagan, shuning uchun har bir satr alohida qatorda chiqadi.

Misol:

// print with terminator space
print("Good Morning!", terminator: " ")
print("It's rainy today")

Natija:

Good Morning! It's rainy today

Bu yerda birinchi print() oxiriga bo‘sh joy qo‘shilgani uchun natija bitta qatorda chiqadi.

Misol:

print("New Year", 2022, "See you soon!", separator: ". ")

Natija:

New Year. 2022. See you soon!

separator argumenti itemlar orasiga . qo‘shib beradi.

Printda Variables va Literals

print() yordamida o‘zgaruvchilarni ham ekranga chiqarish mumkin.

var number: Double = -10.6
var name: String = "Programiz"

// print literals
print(5)

// print variables
print(number)
print(name)

Natija:

5
-10.6
Programiz

Ikki yoki undan ortiq satrlarni birlashtirib chop qilish:

print("Programiz is " + "awesome.")

Natija:

Programiz is awesome.

Bu yerda + operatori satrlarni birlashtirmoqda.

Satr ichida o‘zgaruvchidan foydalanish uchun \() ishlatiladi.

var year = 2014
print("Swift was introduced in \(year)")

Natija:

Swift was introduced in 2014

year o‘zgaruvchisi satrga qo‘shib yuborildi.

Basic Input

Swift Playground ichida to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri input olishning imkoni yo‘q. Buning uchun Xcode’da Command Line Tool yaratish kerak.

Input olish uchun readLine() funksiyasidan foydalanamiz.

print("Enter your favorite programming language:")
let name = readLine()

print("Your favorite programming language is \(name!).")

Natija:

Enter your favorite programming language:
Swift
Your favorite programming language is Swift.

readLine() foydalanuvchi kiritgan qiymatni qaytaradi.

readLine() oddiy String emas, balki optional String qaytaradi. Shuning uchun name! bilan uni majburan ochmoqdamiz.

Bu dastur faqat Xcode’da Command Line Tool yaratib ishlatilganda ishlaydi.